Technical Networking Army

 Overview: - The "licensing error breakout not allowed in port" on a Nokia IXR router is because the port breakout feature which allows you to split a high-speed port (like 100G) into multiple lower speed ports (like 4x25G) requires a specific license. If the license is not installed or not activated the router will block any breakout configuration and display this error. To fix it you need to check if the breakout license is installed by using the show license command and if it’s missing purchase and install the correct license. In some cases, even with hardware support you need to shut down the ports before applying breakout configuration and the license must be active for it to work. Here’s why this error: • The breakout feature (splitting a physical port into multiple logical ports) is license-controlled. • If the port breakout license is missing, not installed, or not activated, the router will block the breakout operation and throw this licensing error. • Even ...

  Overview  Virtual Private LAN Service is a Layer 2 VPN technology that lets business sites scattered across the globe appear as if they're connected on the same local Ethernet network. Built over an MPLS or IP backbone, VPLS creates a virtual Ethernet switch across provider edge routers. That lets customer edge devices talk to each other directly over Ethernet frames. Signaling protocols like LDP or BGP help PE routers set up pseudo wires—those are the tunnels that carry Layer 2 frames. The routers also learn MAC addresses dynamically to forward unicast traffic. They flood broadcast and multicast frames as needed. That setup is perfect for enterprises that need seamless Layer 2 connectivity across locations for services like VoIP, video conferencing or legacy systems. But without proper configuration—like split horizon groups—VPLS can run into loops and broadcast storms. That makes precise setup critical to its success. Split Horizon Group A split horizon group is a loop pr...